With the publication of two more stroke trials, the evidence in favour of endovascular treatment in patients with acute ischaemic stroke has reached new heights. Data from SWIFT PRIME (Solitaire with the intention for thrombectomy as primary endovascular treatment) and REVASCAT (Randomized trial of revascularization with Solitaire FR device versus best medical therapy in the treatment of acute stroke due to anterior circulation large vessel occlusion presenting within eight hours of symptom onset), published online first in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) and presented at the European Stroke Organisation conference (17–19 April, Glasgow, UK), add to that of three other trials—MR CLEAN, EXTEND-IA and ESCAPE—that have begun to change the face of ischaemic stroke treatment.
After analysing stroke treatment records, researchers at Rhode Island Hospital in collaboration with researchers from the University of Cincinnati, both USA, learned that women and men have different reasons for being excluded from receiving the common clot-dissolving drug, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA). Importantly, more women had very high blood pressures, which reduced their eligibility to be treated with the highly effective drug. The study was recently published in the American Heart Association’s (AHA) journal, Stroke.
DNA mutations can cause cancer but in some cases, more mutations may mean a better prognosis for patients, according to a Yale-led comprehensive genomic analysis of more than 700 brain tumours. One such subtype of the most malignant brain tumour—glioblastoma—possesses thousands of tumour-specific DNA errors or mutations instead of dozens observed in most glioblastoma cases. It is also associated with longer survival.
Until recently, thrombolytic therapy has been the only proven treatment for acute ischaemic stroke. A recent study in the Netherlands, however, found that interventional thrombectomy improved functional outcomes in patients with emergent cranial large-vessel occlusions, even among patients who had already received tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for thrombolytic therapy.
The Edge radiosurgery suite, a technology system for rapidly delivering precise, non-invasive surgical procedures in the treatment of cancer, is among the medical innovations that Varian Medical Systems is showcasing at the 27th International Medical Instruments & Equipment Exhibition (26–28 March, Beijing, China).
Numerous individual studies and meta-analyses have demonstrated that people who have migraines with aura are at a higher risk for ischaemic stroke. Citing these and other studies, Loyola University Medical Center neurologists Michael Star, and José Biller, have described the association between stroke and migraine in their chapter in the new text Headache and Migraine Biology and Management.
The VISSIT study has shown that among patients with symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis, the use of a balloon-expandable stent compared with medical therapy (clopidogrel and aspirin) resulted in an increase of stroke or transient ischaemic attack. The study was published in the 24/31 March issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA).
Published ahead-of-print by Spine, the KAST study has demonstrated non-inferiority of the Kiva system (Benvenue Medical) to balloon kyphoplasty for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures.
Neuralstem has announced top line data from the phase II trial of NSI-566 spinal cord-derived neural stem cells under development for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The study met primary safety endpoints–the maximum tolerated dose of 16 million transplanted cells and the surgery was well tolerated.
Researchers at the UK’s University of Hertfordshire and a team of European partners have developed a prototype of a robotic glove which stroke sufferers can use in their own home to support rehabilitation and personal independence in receiving therapies.
One-third of the US population does not have access to a primary stroke centre within one hour by ambulance, and even under optimal conditions, a large proportion of the population would be unable to access a stroke centre within this window, according to a new study published in Neurology.
A preliminary study conducted by researchers funded by the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering may improve predictions of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
People who sleep more than eight hours a night may have an increased risk of stroke, according to a new study published in an online issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
Among patients with oral anticoagulation-associated intracerebral haemorrhage, reversal of international normalised ratio (INR) below a certain level within four hours and systolic blood pressure less than 160mmHg at four hours were associated with lower rates of enlargement, and resumption of anticoagulant therapy was associated with a lower risk of ischaemic events without increased bleeding complications, according to a study in JAMA.
In early use of the Medina coil system, researchers have found the device to be a next generation coil that combines the familiar procedural safety and technique associated with conventional coils, with improved circumferential aneurysm filling, which, they say, it is thought will lead to improved long-term outcomes.
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