OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of flow-directed catheter thrombolysis for treatment of submassive pulmonary embolism (PE).
OBJECTIVE: The objectives of our study were to evaluate the incidence of muscular injury after cryoablation of bone and soft-tissue tumors, to relate MRI findings to the size of the intramuscular ice ball, and to determine the clinical significance of postcryotherapy myositis.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of our study was to evaluate the long-term trends in the use of angiography and embolization for abdominopelvic injuries.
Aortic dissection is the most common acute aortic syndrome, and it often requires urgent surgery. In the 1950s and 1960s, surgically based classifications were developed to facilitate triage of acute dissection. With the advent of increasingly sophisticated cross-sectional imaging techniques, such as computed tomographic (CT) angiography and magnetic resonance (MR) angiography, the interpretation of the imaging findings by the radiologist has become an integral component in the diagnosis of acute aortic syndromes.
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging guidance of endovascular interventions affords a wealth of physiologic and structural information and can be used for delivery of local therapy without the use of ionizing radiation. The promise of endovascular MR-guided procedures remains unrealized in part because of the lack of MR-compatible catheters and guidewires that the user can safely navigate and track efficiently in real time. Maneuverability and steering performance of an endovascular catheter from a remote access site to pathologic targets is of paramount importance because it affects procedural time and efficiency.
Since the discovery of x-rays by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen in 1895, clinical x-ray technologies rely on x-ray absorption only. However, x-rays penetrating through matter are subject to a variety of other physical effects that could potentially contribute additional, complementary information.
Kidney transplantation is the treatment of choice in many patients with end-stage renal failure. It is cost-effective compared with dialysis, and it is associated with higher long-term patient survival rates and improved quality of life, but surgical complications are still frequent. Although there is a high occurrence of urologic and lymphatic complications, these complications rarely lead to graft loss. However, vascular complications are relatively rare but major causes of dysfunction or transplant loss. Vascular complications have been reported to occur in 5%–15% of transplant kidneys. Possible vascular complications include transplant renal arterial stenosis, arterial occlusion, arterial kinking, arteriovenous fistula, pseudoaneurysms, transplant renal venous stenosis, and fibromuscular dysplasia. To recognize complications, it is important to understand the anatomy of a kidney transplant. Therefore, a safe, accurate, and noninvasive method for the evaluation of vascular anatomy and complications after renal transplantation is desirable to facilitate the choice of appropriate therapy in transplant recipients.
Stent placement is used to treat benign and malignant obstructions in nonvascular organs, such as the esophagus, bile ducts, urethra, and colon. However, there are adverse effects associated with stent therapies, including stent obstruction by hyperplastic tissue. A study by Song et al reported discouraging long-term results after esophageal stent placement in 12 patients with a benign esophageal stricture and reported a rate of complications caused by the formation of new strictures that was 100% (12 of 12 patients). In addition, the occlusion rates of stent placement in patients with malignant biliary obstruction vary from 10% to 50%. Furthermore, the use of bare metal stents in the setting of colon cancer is associated with tumor in-growth rates of 3%–46%. In terms of the tissue overgrowth associated with these stents, many in vivo, in vitro, and clinical research studies have been conducted to determine ways to lessen the degree of stent-induced tissue hyperplasia, and research at the genetic level is ongoing.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most common cancer in the world and the third most common cause of cancer-related death. With improved surveillance of patients with chronic liver disease and advances in imaging, more patients are diagnosed with early-stage HCC. For the treatment of early-stage HCC, curative therapies including liver transplantation, hepatic resection (HR), and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) are recommended. Although liver transplantation is generally limited by the shortage of donor allografts, HR is widely used as the main choice of treatment for resectable HCC. However, the risk of postoperative hepatic dysfunction often precludes HR. RFA has been shown to be as effective as HR in the treatment of small single-nodule HCC. However, RFA of lesions located close to major organs or the liver capsule is often contraindicated. Consequently, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is also used frequently for the treatment of small single-nodule HCC when other curative treatments are not possible.
The past 20 years have witnessed a remarkable transformation in the diagnosis and characterization of vascular disease. The 1990s were a particularly golden period in vascular diagnosis and therapy with the introduction of computed tomographic (CT) angiography, contrast material–enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) angiography, and endovascular repair of aortic aneurysms using stent-grafts.
Percutaneous sampling is a cornerstone in the management of focal hepatic lesions that cannot be characterized confidently by noninvasive means. Lesions smaller than 3 cm often lack specific features to allow reliable noninvasive characterization. However, biopsies are not considered a “perfect” test, and a negative biopsy finding does not exclude the diagnosis of primary hepatic malignancy or metastatic disease, because of the potential for sampling error.
Multiparametric magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, which combines T2-weighted imaging with diffusion-weighted, dynamic contrast material–enhanced, and/or MR spectroscopic imaging, has shown promising results in the detection of prostate cancer. However, characterizing focal prostate lesions at multiparametric MR imaging remains difficult, especially when individual MR sequences yield conflicting findings. Consequently, the good results obtained by experienced readers may not be achieved by less experienced readers.
Purpose: To report procedural and patient outcomes of endovascular treatment for lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) with rheolytic thrombectomy (RT).
Purpose: To perform a national analysis of the safety and cost of percutaneous image-guided lung malignancy ablation.
Purpose: Interventional radiology (IR) procedures are associated with high rates of preparation and planning errors. In many centers, pre-procedural consultation and screening of patients is performed by referring physicians. Interventional radiologists have better knowledge about procedure details and risks, but often only get acquainted with the patient in the procedure room. We hypothesized that patient safety (PS) and patient satisfaction (PSAT) in elective IR procedures would improve by implementation of a pre-procedural visit to an outpatient IR clinic.
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